Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer, originating from the squamous cells in the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). Like Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), SCC is primarily caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, which damages the DNA of the squamous cells, leading to abnormal growth.
SCCs typically appear as:
Thick, Scaly, or Crusty Areas: These may resemble a persistent, rough patch of skin that doesn't heal, or a raised growth with a central depression.
Open Sores or Warts: SCCs can develop into open sores with raised edges or may resemble warts in appearance.
Raised Growth with a Central Depression: Some SCCs may present as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly or crusted surface.
Tender or Painful: SCCs can sometimes be tender to touch or cause pain, especially when they first appear or grow.
The main risk factors for SCC include:
UV Exposure: Prolonged exposure to UV radiation, especially without protection, increases the risk.
Fair Skin: People with fair skin, light hair, and blue, green, or gray eyes are more susceptible.
Age: SCCs are more common in older adults, though they can occur in younger individuals.
Gender: Men are at a higher risk than women.
Immune Suppression: Conditions or medications that weaken the immune system increase susceptibility.
Previous Radiation Therapy: Having undergone radiation treatment can increase the risk of developing SCC in the irradiated area.
Diagnosis of SCC involves a clinical examination by a dermatologist followed by a skin biopsy. During a biopsy, a small sample of the suspicious skin tissue is removed and examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.
Mohs surgery is highly effective for treating SCC due to its precision and ability to remove cancerous cells while preserving healthy tissue. It offers:
- High Cure Rates: Mohs surgery has excellent cure rates for SCC, ensuring thorough removal of cancer cells.
- Tissue Preservation: It minimizes the removal of healthy tissue, reducing scarring and improving cosmetic outcomes.
- Immediate Results: The procedure involves examining tissue layers microscopically on-site, ensuring complete removal of cancer cells before the patient leaves the clinic.
Mohs surgery is particularly beneficial for SCCs located in cosmetically sensitive areas or those that have recurred after previous treatments, providing both effective treatment and aesthetic results.
